It is the most central square in Amsterdam and the place where it all started: Dam square. In the middle of the thirteenth century a dam was built in the river Amstel. Over the years, this dam became wider and wider and provided a market square with an inner harbor and an open connection to the sea. We now know these places as Dam square, Rokin and Damrak. The village that arose near the dam would grow into the largest city in the Netherlands: Amsterdam. Dominating the square is the Royal Palace. Initially, this was a town hall in the fourteenth century, which is transformed into a royal residence. The New Church, built in 1409, replaced the Old Church and is now used for exhibitions and cultural events. Moreover, the National Monument on Dam Square was erected in memory of all Dutch people who lost their lives during the Second World War.
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